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Dec 07, 2019 SSH is short for Secure Shell. Secure Shell is a network protocol that provides administrators with a secure way (with encryption) to access a remote computer. It allows an administrator to log into virtual space server with an SSH key instead of a typical password. This eliminates the usual weakness. Jun 22, 2012 You can generate the SSH Key in a convenient location, such as the computer, and then upload the public key to the SSH key section. Then, when you create a new Droplet, you can choose to include that public key on the server. No root password will be emailed to you and you can log in to your new server from your chosen client. With SSH, the data flow could still be recorded by a third party, but the contents are encrypted and cannot be reverted to plain text unless the encryption key is known. So SSH enables secure communication over insecure networks, such as the Internet. The SSH implementation coming with SUSE Linux Enterprise Server is OpenSSH. To generate a key with default parameters (RSA, 2048 bits), enter the command ssh-keygen. Accept the default location to store the key (/.ssh/idrsa) by pressing Enter (strongly recommended) or enter an alternative location. Enter a passphrase consisting of 10 to 30 characters. Quick steps: Create and use an SSH public-private key pair for Linux VMs in Azure. With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create virtual machines (VMs) in Azure that use SSH keys for authentication, eliminating the need for passwords to sign in.
This article describes ways to generate and use secure shell (SSH) keys on a Windows computer to create and connect to a Linux virtual machine (VM) in Azure. To use SSH keys from a Linux or macOS client, see the quick or detailed guidance.
Overview of SSH and keys
SSH is an encrypted connection protocol that allows secure sign-ins over unsecured connections. SSH is the default connection protocol for Linux VMs hosted in Azure. Although SSH itself provides an encrypted connection, using passwords with SSH connections still leaves the VM vulnerable to brute-force attacks or guessing of passwords. A more secure and preferred method of connecting to a VM using SSH is by using a public-private key pair, also known as SSH keys.
The public key is placed on your Linux VM, or any other service that you wish to use with public-key cryptography.
The private key remains on your local system. Protect this private key. Do not share it.
When you use an SSH client to connect to your Linux VM (which has the public key), the remote VM tests the client to make sure it possesses the private key. If the client has the private key, it's granted access to the VM.
Depending on your organization's security policies, you can reuse a single public-private key pair to access multiple Azure VMs and services. How to generate bitcoin private key. You do not need a separate pair of keys for each VM or service you wish to access.
Your public key can be shared with anyone, but only you (or your local security infrastructure) should possess your private key.
Supported SSH key formats
Azure currently supports SSH protocol 2 (SSH-2) RSA public-private key pairs with a minimum length of 2048 bits. Other key formats such as ED25519 and ECDSA are not supported.
Windows packages and SSH clients
You connect to and manage Linux VMs in Azure using an SSH client. Computers running Linux or macOS usually have a suite of SSH commands to generate and manage SSH keys and to make SSH connections.
Windows computers do not always have comparable SSH commands installed. Recent versions of Windows 10 provide OpenSSH client commands to create and manage SSH keys and make SSH connections from a command prompt. Recent Windows 10 versions also include the Windows Subsystem for Linux to run and access utilities such as an SSH client natively within a Bash shell.
Other common Windows SSH clients you can install locally are included in the following packages:
Generate Ssh Key Suse Linux 10
You can also use the SSH utilities available in Bash in the Azure Cloud Shell.
- Access Cloud Shell in your web browser at https://shell.azure.com or in the Azure portal.
- Access Cloud Shell as a terminal from within Visual Studio Code by installing the Azure Account extension.
Create an SSH key pair
The following sections describe two options to create an SSH key pair on Windows. You can use a shell command (ssh-keygen) or a GUI tool (PuTTYgen). Also note, when using Powershell to create a key, upload the public key as ssh.com(SECSH) format. When using CLI, convert the key into OpenSSH format prior to uploading.
Create SSH keys with ssh-keygen
If you run a command shell on Windows that supports SSH client tools (or you use Azure Cloud Shell), create an SSH key pair using the ssh-keygen command. Type the following command, and answer the prompts. If an SSH key pair exists in the chosen location, those files are overwritten.
For more background and information, see the quick or detailed steps to create SSH keys using ssh-keygen.
Create SSH keys with PuTTYgen
If you prefer to use a GUI-based tool to create SSH keys, you can use the PuTTYgen key generator, included with the PuTTY download package.
To create an SSH RSA key pair with PuTTYgen:
Start PuTTYgen.
Click Generate. By default PuTTYgen generates a 2048-bit SSH-2 RSA key.
Move the mouse around in the blank area to provide randomness for the key.
After the public key is generated, optionally enter and confirm a passphrase. You will be prompted for the passphrase when you authenticate to the VM with your private SSH key. Without a passphrase, if someone obtains your private key, they can sign in to any VM or service that uses that key. We recommend you create a passphrase. However, if you forget the passphrase, there is no way to recover it.
The public key is displayed at the top of the window. You can copy this entire public key and then paste it into the Azure portal or an Azure Resource Manager template when you create a Linux VM. You can also select Save public key to save a copy to your computer:
Optionally, to save the private key in PuTTy private key format (.ppk file), select Save private key. You will need the .ppk file later to use PuTTY to make an SSH connection to the VM.
If you want to save the private key in the OpenSSH format, the private key format used by many SSH clients, select Conversions > Export OpenSSH key.
Provide an SSH public key when deploying a VM
To create a Linux VM that uses SSH keys for authentication, provide your SSH public key when creating the VM using the Azure portal or other methods.
The following example shows how you would copy and paste this public key into the Azure portal when you create a Linux VM. The public key is typically then stored in the ~/.ssh/authorized_key directory on your new VM.
Connect to your VM
One way to make an SSH connection to your Linux VM from Windows is to use an SSH client. This is the preferred method if you have an SSH client installed on your Windows system, or if you use the SSH tools in Bash in Azure Cloud Shell. If you prefer a GUI-based tool, you can connect with PuTTY.
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Use an SSH client
With the public key deployed on your Azure VM, and the private key on your local system, SSH to your VM using the IP address or DNS name of your VM. Replace azureuser and myvm.westus.cloudapp.azure.com in the following command with the administrator user name and the fully qualified domain name (or IP address):
If you configured a passphrase when you created your key pair, enter the passphrase when prompted during the sign-in process.
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If the VM is using the just-in-time access policy, you need to request access before you can connect to the VM. For more information about the just-in-time policy, see Manage virtual machine access using the just in time policy.
Create Ssh Key Linux
Connect with PuTTY
If you installed the PuTTY download package and previously generated a PuTTY private key (.ppk) file, you can connect to a Linux VM with PuTTY.
Start PuTTy.
Fill in the host name or IP address of your VM from the Azure portal:
Select the Connection > SSH > Auth category. Browse to and select your PuTTY private key (.ppk file):
Click Open to connect to your VM.
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Next steps
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For detailed steps, options, and advanced examples of working with SSH keys, see Detailed steps to create SSH key pairs.
You can also use PowerShell in Azure Cloud Shell to generate SSH keys and make SSH connections to Linux VMs. See the PowerShell quickstart.
If you have difficulty using SSH to connect to your Linux VMs, see Troubleshoot SSH connections to an Azure Linux VM.