11.04.2020»»суббота

Generate Ssh Key Pair On Linux

11.04.2020
Generate Ssh Key Pair On Linux
  1. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 uses SSH Protocol 2 and RSA keys by default (see Section 14.1.3. Do not generate key pairs as root, as only root would be able to use those keys. Before reinstalling your system, back up the /.ssh/ directory to keep the generated key pair. Copy the backed-up data to the home directory in the new system for.
  2. Aug 07, 2019  Create the ssh key pair using ssh-keygen command. Copy and install the public ssh key using ssh-copy-id command on a Linux or Unix server. Add yourself to sudo or wheel group admin account.
  3. Jul 29, 2019  Learn how to set up a secure connection to a remote host by generating SSH Keys on Ubuntu 18.04. An SSH Key is a secure method of logging into your server!

Sep 06, 2019  Keys can also be distributed using Ansible modules. The opensshkeypair module uses ssh-keygen to generate keys and the authorizedkey module adds and removes SSH authorized keys for particular user accounts. SSH key pairs are only one way to automate authentication without passwords.

To access your Compute instances using SSH, generate an SSH key pair, associate the public key with your instances, and use the private key to log in to the instances using SSH.

Caution:

Generate Ssh Key On Linux

Keep your SSH keys secure. Lay down policies to ensure that the keys aren’t lost or compromised when employees leave the organization or move to other departments. If you lose your private key, then you can’t access your instances. For business continuity, ensure that the SSH keys of at least two IT system administrators are added to your instances.

Topics

Generate an SSH Key Pair on UNIX and UNIX-Like Systems

Use the following procedure to generate an SSH key pair on UNIX and UNIX-like systems:

  1. Run the ssh-keygen command.

    You can use the -t option to specify the type of key to create.

    For example, to create an RSA key, run:

    You can use the -b option to specify the length (bit size) of the key, as shown in the following example:

  2. The command prompts you to enter the path to the file in which you want to save the key.

    A default path and file name are suggested in parentheses. For example: /home/user_name/.ssh/id_rsa. To accept the default path and file name, press Enter. Otherwise, enter the required path and file name, and then press Enter.

  3. The command prompts you to enter a passphrase.

    The passphrase is not mandatory if you want to log in to an instance created using an Oracle-provided image. However, it is recommended that you specify a passphrase to protect your private key against unauthorized use.

    Note:

    With some images provided on Oracle Marketplace, the use of a passphrase might be mandatory.

  4. When prompted, enter the passphrase again to confirm it.

The command generates an SSH key pair consisting of a public key and a private key, and saves them in the specified path. The file name of the public key is created automatically by appending .pub to the name of the private key file. For example, if the file name of the SSH private key is id_rsa, the file name of the public key would be id_rsa.pub.

Make a note of the path and file names of the private and public keys. When you create an instance, you must specify the SSH public key value. When you log in to an instance, you must provide the path to the corresponding SSH private key and you must enter the passphrase when prompted.

Generate an SSH Key Pair on Windows

You can generate an SSH key pair on a Microsoft Windows machine by using an application such as PuTTY. See the tutorial, Creating SSH Keys for Use with Oracle Cloud Services.

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With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create virtual machines (VMs) in Azure that use SSH keys for authentication, eliminating the need for passwords to sign in. This article shows you how to quickly generate and use an SSH public-private key file pair for Linux VMs. You can complete these steps with the Azure Cloud Shell, a macOS or Linux host, the Windows Subsystem for Linux, and other tools that support OpenSSH.

Note

Generate Ssh Key Pair On Linux Mac

VMs created using SSH keys are by default configured with passwords disabled, which greatly increases the difficulty of brute-force guessing attacks.

Generate Ssh Key Pair On Linux

For more background and examples, see Detailed steps to create SSH key pairs.

For additional ways to generate and use SSH keys on a Windows computer, see How to use SSH keys with Windows on Azure.

Supported SSH key formats

Azure currently supports SSH protocol 2 (SSH-2) RSA public-private key pairs with a minimum length of 2048 bits. Other key formats such as ED25519 and ECDSA are not supported.

Create an SSH key pair

Use the ssh-keygen command to generate SSH public and private key files. By default, these files are created in the ~/.ssh directory. You can specify a different location, and an optional password (passphrase) to access the private key file. If an SSH key pair with the same name exists in the given location, those files are overwritten.

The following command creates an SSH key pair using RSA encryption and a bit length of 4096:

If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM with the az vm create command, you can optionally generate SSH public and private key files using the --generate-ssh-keys option. The key files are stored in the ~/.ssh directory unless specified otherwise with the --ssh-dest-key-path option. The --generate-ssh-keys option will not overwrite existing key files, instead returning an error. In the following command, replace VMname and RGname with your own values:

Provide an SSH public key when deploying a VM

To create a Linux VM that uses SSH keys for authentication, specify your SSH public key when creating the VM using the Azure portal, Azure CLI, Azure Resource Manager templates, or other methods:

If you're not familiar with the format of an SSH public key, you can display your public key with the following cat command, replacing ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub with the path and filename of your own public key file if needed:

A typical public key value looks like this example:

If you copy and paste the contents of the public key file to use in the Azure portal or a Resource Manager template, make sure you don't copy any trailing whitespace. To copy a public key in macOS, you can pipe the public key file to pbcopy. Similarly in Linux, you can pipe the public key file to programs such as xclip.

The public key that you place on your Linux VM in Azure is by default stored in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub, unless you specified a different location when you created the key pair. To use the Azure CLI 2.0 to create your VM with an existing public key, specify the value and optionally the location of this public key using the az vm create command with the --ssh-key-values option. In the following command, replace VMname, RGname, and keyFile with your own values:

Generate Public Key Linux

If you want to use multiple SSH keys with your VM, you can enter them in a space-separated list, like this --ssh-key-values sshkey-desktop.pub sshkey-laptop.pub.

SSH into your VM

With the public key deployed on your Azure VM, and the private key on your local system, SSH into your VM using the IP address or DNS name of your VM. In the following command, replace azureuser and myvm.westus.cloudapp.azure.com with the administrator user name and the fully qualified domain name (or IP address):

If you specified a passphrase when you created your key pair, enter that passphrase when prompted during the login process. The VM is added to your ~/.ssh/known_hosts file, and you won't be asked to connect again until either the public key on your Azure VM changes or the server name is removed from ~/.ssh/known_hosts.

Generate Ssh Key Pair On Linux Software

If the VM is using the just-in-time access policy, you need to request access before you can connect to the VM. For more information about the just-in-time policy, see Manage virtual machine access using the just in time policy.

Next steps

  • For more information on working with SSH key pairs, see Detailed steps to create and manage SSH key pairs.

  • If you have difficulties with SSH connections to Azure VMs, see Troubleshoot SSH connections to an Azure Linux VM.